Planetary Boundaries

Biodiversity

Loss of plant and animal species due to human activities have been more rapid in the past 50 years than at any time in human history, increasing the risks of abrupt and irreversible changes to ecosystems. In the 2014 update the boundary based on extinction rates has been complemented by a boundary on “Biodiversity Intactness Index”, but this new boundary has not yet been quantified.

Caption: Terrestrial and Marine Species Richness
Credit: Globaïa & IUCN/BirdLife/AquaMaps/Clinton Jenkins